Main sodium sulfate by-product producers

Formerly, sodium sulfate was also a by-product of the manufacture of sodium dichromate, where sulfuric acid is added to sodium chromate answer forming sodium dichromate, or subsequently chromic acid. Alternatively, sodium sulfate is or was formed in the production of lithium carbonate, chelating agents, resorcinol, ascorbic acid, silica pigments, nitric acid, and phenol.
Bulk sodium sulfate is quite often sodium sulfate anhydrous, since the anhydrous form tends to attract iron compounds and organic compounds. The anhydrous form is easily produced from the hydrated form by gentle warming.
Key sodium sulfate by-product producers of 5080 Mt/a in 2006 incorporate Elementis Chromium (chromium industry, Castle Hayne, NC, USA), Lenzing AG (200 Mt/a, rayon industry, Lenzing, Austria), Addiseo (formerly Rhodia, methionine market, Les Roches-Roussillon, France), Elementis (chromium business, Stockton-on-Tees, UK), Shikoku Chemicals (Tokushima, Japan) and Visko-R (rayon business, Russia).

Commodity industries

With USA pricing at $30 per tonne in 1970, in 2006 as much as $90 per tonne for salt cake top quality and $130 for far better grades, sodium sulfate is a exceptionally low cost material. The biggest use is as filler in powdered house laundryzeolite detergent, consuming approx. 50% of planet production. This use is waning as domestic buyers are more and more switching to compact or liquid detergents that do not include sodium sulfate.
Another formerly major use for sodium sulfate, notably in the usa and Canada, is in the Kraft process for the manufacture of wood pulp. Organics present inside the ??black liquor?? from this procedure are burnt to create heat, needed to drive the reduction of sodium sulfate to sodium sulfide. Yet, this method is becoming replaced by newer processes; use of sodium sulfate in the usa and Canadian pulp business declined from 1.four Mt/a in 1970 to only approx. 150,000 tonnes in 2006.
The glass market supplies one more significant application for sodium sulfate anhydrous, as second largest application in Europe. Sodium sulfate is employed as a fining agent, to help get rid of small air bubbles from molten glass. It fluxes the glass, and prevents scum formation of the glass melt for the duration of refining. The glass industry in Europe has been consuming from 1970 to 2006 a stable 110,000 tonnes annually.
Sodium sulfate is crucial in the manufacture of textiles, especially in Japan, where it is the greatest application. Sodium sulfate assists in ??levelling??, reducing negative charges on fibres so that dyes can penetrate evenly. As opposed to the option sodium chloride, it does not corrode the stainless-steel vessels utilised in dyeing. This application in Japan and USA consumed in 2006 approximately 1 hundred,000 tonnes.sodium sulfate suppliers has fantastic development

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