Steam: What are the Types of Steam Traps?

Steam traps are available in steam systems. They are devices that monitor the difference between a condensate and steam. They help in maintaining the steam in the system and removing of non-condensable and condensate.

Steam traps effectively maximize the potential of a steam system in three ways. They fill the steam system with dry steam, remove condensate that hinders effective heat transfer, and they make hot condensate available for recycling.

There are various types of steam traps to match different applications and functions. The designs vary. Some are used for high-pressured systems while others are for low-pressured systems. A mechanical steam trap monitors the rising steam in the system. It has a float that rises when the condensation level is high. A valve at the bottom of the trap opens when steam has changed into water and lets it leak. Inverted bucket is the most common type of mechanical steam traps. It got its name from the shape of the steam trap.

Another type of steam trap is the thermostatic steam trap. Unlike mechanical steam traps, this functions on the change of temperature in the system. It contains a valve with a bi-metallic part that reacts to the change in temperature. When the heat rises above a certain temperature, the bi-metallic material expands and keeps the valve closed. When it cools down, the metal will shrink. The valve will then release its accumulated steam. These types of traps should be monitored closely. Changes in temperature and improper calibration will affect the function of the steam trap.

Thermodynamic traps are steam traps that work with the change of velocity of fluids. Pressure against the disc of the trap forces the valve when steam enters. When condensation begins, the pressure lessens and the valve will open. Basically, this type of steam trap only works when steam is present. If the trap continuously discharges liquid and produces hissing sounds, it must be repaired.

One of the least commonly used steam traps is the fixed-orifice. It continually discharges condensates and liquid out of the steam trap. Unlike the mechanical and thermostatic traps, fixed-orifice traps function with a constant level of steam in the system. If it is used in systems with variable steam loads, it may lead water back up or allow steam to escape.

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